Essential DOS Commands
- Backup
Files.
- Change
the Default Drive.
- COPY
Command.
- DELETE
Command.
- File-Naming
Conventions.
- FORMAT
Command.
- Rebooting
the computer (Ctrl-Alt-Del)
- RENAME
(REN) Command
- RMDIR
(RD) Remove Directory Command
- Stop Execution (Ctrl-Break)
Introduction
DOS (an abbreviation for Disk Operation System) is a device which permits you to control the operation of the IBM PC. DOS is programming which was composed to control equipment. IDRISI, Atlas*GIS, Microstation, AutoCAD, CPS/PC, and Circular segment/Data are, thusly, application programming which run under DOS. By this we really intend that, in spite of the fact that IDRISI, Atlas*GIS, Microstation, AutoCAD, CPS/PC, and Bend/Information were composed to achieve a solitary undertaking or application (for this situation control of spatially related information), they should utilize DOS to seek after its work.DOS can be utilized for a large number of errands a long ways past the prerequisites of this class. You will actually want to oversee well in the event that you ace just a little subset of DOS orders and works. These relate only to record and registry the executives and are presented in this freebee.
This tip sheet expects that you have figured out how to turn on the laptops as they are designed in room 230 and that you have found out more about their consoles (no little errand in itself). It likewise expects that you grasp the significance of the idea of a record and the components of a document determination (drive, filename, and expansion). The microcomputers you will utilize are outfitted with two floppy disk drives. The A-drive is the 3.5" (1.44MB) drive and the B-drive is the 5.25" (360KB) drive. The microcomputers likewise contain a C-drive, a hard disk drive of 130MB or 200MB limit.
You will rapidly track down that the most effective way to figure out how to utilize a PC is through trial and error. That is, whenever you have taken in an order, attempt a few varieties until they don't work, then, at that point, begin once again. Frequently there are five or six different ways for you to achieve a specific undertaking. As a rule, I will acquaint you with only one, surrendering it to you to find the rest. Feel free to the DOS Instructional pamphlet; duplicates can be found on the shelf in room 230. At long last, don't be unduly upset by blunder messages. With PCs, one of the most mind-blowing ways of learning is by committing errors.
A large portion of the normal DOS orders you want to use for this class (copy, move, rename, delete) are accessible to you in Windows through the Filemanager icon. What's more, since you can move to and fro among DOS and Windows, it doesn't make any difference which choice you utilize. A few orders are quicker in summon in Windows, a few in DOS. In the event that you haven't worked with Windows beforehand, go to the Windows instructional exercises in the assistance region.
Backup Files
It is feasible to lose documents accidentally, albeit the more you practice the more uncertain it becomes. For your own inner harmony, it is great practice to make reinforcement duplicates of your most important records on a different diskette. Store your reinforcement disk in a protected spot and don't bring it through a metal locator. Utilize the COPY order to make the reinforcement.
There is compelling reason need to reinforcement each document you make, just the ones in which you've contributed a lot of work. Likewise, prune your reinforcement diskette consistently or two utilizing the DELETE order. Reinforcement documents which have been made excess by ensuing increments will just make mess on your reinforcement diskette. A successful document naming show is vital for monitoring your backups.
Change the Default Drive
To change the default drive, basically type the letter of the your decision. The new default will be recorded in resulting DOS prompts.Model:
• C> A: [enter]
• Changes the default drive from C to A.
• A> C: [enter]
• Changes the default drive from A to C.
[enter] implies that you should press the Enter Key before the arrangement order will execute. [Enter] is expected after any DOS order, it is accepted in all orders found underneath.
COPY Command
The COPY order can be utilized both to copy records from one disk to another or to make a second copy of a document on a solitary disk. (There are a lot more purposes of the COPY order, yet just the essential operation is examined here.)Model:
• C> copy c:kermit.exe a:
• Duplicates the record 'KERMIT.EXE' from the C drive to the A drive and gives it a similar name.
• C> copy a:brazil1.dat b:\south\brazil2.dat
• Makes a copy of 'BRAZIL1.DAT' from drive An on drive B, placing it in the 'SOUTH' subdirectory and renaming it 'BRAZIL2.DAT'.
The way to utilize this order accurately is to recollect that the main document determined after the COPY order is the source record, the second is the target:ehp1 record. The source is the document to be duplicated. The objective will be the area and name of the new record. In the event that the document name and expansion are discarded after the objective's drive detail, the new record will have the very same name as the source record.
Model:
• C> copy a:myfile.txt b:
• C> copy c:command.com b:com.com
• C> copy b:golly.gee a:whao.boy
• C> copy command.* a:
• C> copy a:mymap.dwg c:\maps
Note: it is in every case great practice to us the total record determinations for both source and target documents, Be exceptionally secure with yourself before you acknowledge defaults or utilize trump card characters. Any other way you might wind up for certain intriguing outcomes. Deficient or wrong source names might bring about blunders, like the order: copy edlin a:myomy.bat. Attempt it and see what works out.
DELETE Command
The DELETE order deletes indicated documents.Model:
• C> delete a:myfile.txt
• Eradicates the document MYFILE.TXT from the diskette in the A drive. In the event that no drive particular is placed, the system hopes to delete the predetermined record structure drive C (for this situation).
Significant Admonition: This order is not difficult to utilize, however it is the most perilous one you will experience in DOS (separated structure Organization). If you don't watch out, you might delete a document which you- - or another person - needs. What's more, except if you have saved a reinforcement of that record, the deleted document is long gone. Hence it is great practice to utilize just complete record details with the DELETE order (and to keep reinforcements of your most important documents). As a wellbeing safety measure, never utilize the special case characters '*' and '?' in DELETE orders.
Be careful: I will repeal your research facility honors for an entire week in the event that you at any point purposely utilize either the order: delete c:*.*, or the order: delete *.*. Think about what occurs?
File-Naming Conventions
Cautious file naming can save time. Continuously pick names which give some insight to the file's items. In the event that you are working with a progression of related files, utilize a number some place in the name to demonstrate which variant you have made. This applies just to the filename boundary; the greater part of the file augmentation boundaries you will utilize are foreordained (or saved by DOS for specific kinds of file).
• WORLD.DAT
FORMAT Command
You should format new disks prior to utilizing them on the IBM PCs. The format order really takes a look at a diskette for defects and makes an index where every one of the names of the diskette's files will be put away.Model:
• C> format a:
• Formats the diskette in the A drive.
• C> format b:
In the wake of entering this order, adhere to the directions on the screen. At the point when the FORMAT operation is finished, the system will inquire as to whether you wish to FORMAT more diskettes. On the off chance that you are working with just a single diskette, answer N (No) and continue with you work. Assuming you wish to FORMAT a few diskettes, answer Y (Yes) until you have wrapped up formatting every one of your diskettes.
Be careful: Executing the format order with a diskette which as of now contains files will bring about the cancellation of the multitude of items in the whole disk. It is ideal to execute the format order just on new diskettes. Assuming that you format an old diskette ensure it contains nothing you wish to save.
Rebooting the computer (Ctrl-Alt-Del)
At times, when all endeavors to recuperate from a flood of mistake messages fizzles, if all else fails you can reboot the PC. To do this, you press, at the same time, the control, substitute and delete.
Be careful: On the off chance that you re-boot, you might free a portion of your work- - any information dynamic in Slam which has not yet been saved to disk.
RENAME (REN) Command
The RENAME order licenses clients to change the name of a file without making a copy of it.Model:
• C> ren a:goofy.txt pluto.txt
• Changes the name of 'GOOFY.TXT' on the A drive to 'PLUTO.TXT'.
This order is exceptionally easy to utilize, simply recollect two focuses: the file name and augmentation should be finished for the source file and no drive detail is given for the objective. Renaming can happen on a solitary disk drive (if not COPY should be utilized).
RMDIR (RD) Remove Directory Command
This order removes a registry. It is simply conceivable to execute this order on the off chance that the catalog you wish to remove is unfilled.Model:
• C> rd mine
• Removes registry called 'MINE'.
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